Abstract : Vast application of Switched Reluctance Motor (SRM) in industrial sector and hybrid electric vehicle (HEV) sectors needs research attention to improve its performance, accurate rotor position estimation is one of the important feature in switched reluctance motor which leads to high performance operation, the position of the rotor usually sensed by rotor position sensor earlier, but it posses many problems such as additional cost, alignment problems, size etc, development of sensorless control i Full article
Abstract : The irrigation water supply system in the Batu Bulan irrigation area uses a conventional system. The conventional method is the provision of water by inundation from the beginning of planting until the fruit ripens. The use of water with conventional systems is very wasteful and inefficient. The irrigation water supply method that can save water use is the System of Rice Intensification method. Calculations are carried out by simulating conventional irrigation water delivery systems and System o Full article
Abstract : Cement, fine and coarse aggregate, and other key components of concrete are threatened with extinction in the near future due to overexploitation and inefficient use. Cement production also results in increased carbon dioxide emissions, which in turn have a significant role in driving up average temperatures around the world. New materials found by scientists can serve as a whole or partial replacement for traditional concrete. To lessen the negative effects on the environment, researchers are l Full article
Abstract : This study aims to confirm the ability of the SP1 isolate from Poring hot spring, Sabah, Malaysia, to degrade palm kernel cake (PKC). To achieve this, crude enzymes (CE) of this isolate was collected from cell-free supernatant following a 24-hour incubation at 50°C. The CE's protein content was determined to be 92.20 ± 5.74 mg/L culture. Further hydrolysis of PKC by CE indicated a reduction in both cellulose and hemicellulose contents of PKC, up to a 6-hour reaction time. This result was accompa Full article
Abstract : Plastics play an essential part in modern society and are widely employed in a variety of applications due to their low cost, simplicity of production, and appealing qualities. Every year, around 300 million tons of plastic are manufactured worldwide, with only about 25% recycled. The fundamental issue with plastic garbage is that it may modify the living environment and natural processes, diminish ecosystems' ability to adapt to climate change, and significantly impact the livelihoods, social w Full article
Abstract : The maintenance and time-to-time analysis of the power transformers are essential to maintain the reliability of the supply. Unfortunately, the operating power transformer is constantly subjected to various electrical and thermal stresses, leading to mineral oil and cellulose paper insulation degradation. Consequently, the decomposition of mineral oil gives rise to different gases that dissolve in the oil itself. These gases indicate various incipient faults, which, if neglected, lead to catastr Full article
Abstract : The goal of this paper is to provide a broad overview of the various elements of the amazing rapid economic growth and development in EGYPT, at no previous time in history has there been an acceleration of change as rapid as what we have witnessed in the recent past. The rapid succession of advances in science and technology has been unprecedented. The pace of change has been following a course approximating an exponential curve, based on change economies growing out of the industrial revolution Full article
Abstract : Chalcones provide an easy way into many heterocyclic systems containing oxygen and nitrogen. As a result, an attempt is made to synthesis chalcones from 3-acetylpyridine by Claisen-Schmidt condensation with either aromatic or heteroaromatic aldehyde. To form (A1, A2, A3). The resulting chalcones after purification and characterization by physical and spectral methods have been successfully converted into pyrazole by reaction with hydrazine hydrate to form (A4,A5,A6). The synthesized test compoun Full article
Abstract : The current work investigates the potential use of complex clay deposits for geopolymer production. The used deposits, as well as the final product, were both characterized. The results indicated a higher plasticity limit, bulk density, and silica content for the studied clay deposit than the pure de-posits due to multiple clay minerals. The maximum given compressive strength was 8.69 MPa at a 1.5 ratio of Na2SiO3/NaOH, with water absorption of about 7%. The mineralogical and microstruc-tural an Full article